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Keystone species
Kelp
Key terms: kelp forests ecosystem urchins trophic canopy algae spp nutrient fishes ecology herbivorous sala mpas stipe hines predators interactions sea urchins pearse understory benthic thallus fisheries substrate rockfish fronds holdfast assemblage oceanographic laminaria abiotic abalone sea otters giant kelp seafloor upwelling sea floor perennial prostrate predatory drift kelp landscapes overfishing disturbances ocean surface monterey bay aquarium kelp forests would higher trophic levels kelp forest ecosystems marine protected areas Search external links cited by footnotes on Wikipedia page Kelp forest: |
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