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Key terms: egg dive chicks birds colony emperor penguin breeding pairs mate feathers antarctic feeding hatching depths plumage foraging brood skua incubation aptenodytes squid avian heat loss yearly flippers antarctica dorsal metabolism huddle courtship patches nesting penguin species pack ice captivity predators open water insulation crustacean barotrauma flightless low oxygen male and female all penguins facilitating breeding colonies breeding pairs body temperature any bird species other penguin species Search external links cited by footnotes on Wikipedia page Emperor Penguin: |
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